PROPERTIES OF HUMAN LANGUAGE



HUMAN LANGUAGE

 Speech that has been codified into language. Grammar is the framework of a language, and vocabulary is its free-form components. Humans typically use languages to convey themselves visually, vocally, or in writing.There are writing systems in many languages, including the most widely spoken ones, that enable the recording of sounds or signals for later activation.Human language is not exclusively transmitted through one channel, like sight or sound, and it changes significantly through time and among societies. Human languages are productive and displacing and depend on social convention and education.

PROPERTIES OF HUMAN LANGUAGE

Although there are many different languages, they are all made possible by the same genetic information, which is processed by the brain in the same manner. They all share fundamental "design elements" and functional characteristics.  For instance, whereas different languages use a variety of sounds, these sounds are combined and arranged according to just a few simple rules.If there are no shared, universal language qualities, language sounds and combinations should vary randomly. Instead, language sounds and their combinations are limited and organized. Similar limitations apply to word combinations used to construct phrases and sentences in all languages.

DISPLACEMENT 

Both the past and the future can be discussed. This aspect of human language is known as displacement. It allows language users to talk about topics that aren't happening right now.close to them. . Displacement allows us to talk about things and places (including angels, fairies, Santa Claus, Superman, heaven, and hell) whose existence we can't even be sure about.It is believed that the majority of animals communicate in the present, with their communication appearing to be largely meant for the present.  It cannot be used to link events that happened at different points in time or place. A cat will meow today, not yesterday or tomorrow, when you pet it.Due to the fact that they employ some kind of displacement in their communication, bees are a little exception to this rule.When a honeybee returns to the beehive after finding some nectar, it might perform a dance routine to let the other bees know where it located the nectar. Based on the type of dance, the other bees can locate the location of this freshly discovered feast. This is a highly particular form of displacement, but it counts anyway. It just doesn't have the range of options that human language has.

ARBITRARY

Another essential characteristic of language is its arbitrary nature. Rarely do words and their intended meanings have a consistent or guiding connection. English's initial three digits are 1, 2, and 3, while Chinese characters yi, er, and san are used instead. No language has a term for numbers or anything else since there is no such thing as a "correct" word for anything. Languages even have different onomatopoetic words for sounds like ding-dong and click, which are designed to sound like the sounds they name. In Hindi, a dog would say "bho bho," as opposed to the English words "bow wow" or "woof woof." Greek dogs say gav, but Korean dogs say mung mung. Because individuals translate sounds through the arbitrary "sound filters" of their languages, even something as clearly objective as a dog's bark is arbitrarily portrayed in language. Always remember the difference between arbitrariness and randomness. For instance, it indicates that neither the sounds of one language nor the techniques used to blend them are better or worse than those of any other language.It also suggests that there are no inherent advantages or disadvantages to the word arrangement rules of one language over another.

CULTURE TRANSMISSION

We inherit our parents' physical characteristics, such as their dark hair and brown eyes, but not their linguistic characteristics.We do not acquire a language through our parents' DNA; rather, we acquire it from the speakers around us. Physically like their parents but always speaking English, a child born to Korean parents in Korea but adopted and reared by English-speaking parents in the United States from infancy.Physically like their parents but always speaking English, a child born to Korean parents in Korea but adopted and reared by English-speaking parents in the United States from infancy. A kitten will continue to meow if it goes through similar early experiences. The act of a language being passed down from one generation to the next is referred to as "cultural transmission.". Generally, people have some innate propensity to learn a language. However, the capacity to speak a particular language, like English, is not something we are born with. When we are young, we learn our first language.

PRODUCTIVITY

There are an infinite number of possible utterances in all human languages due to productivity (also known as "creativity" or "open-mindedness") Humans invent new terms by modifying existing verbal resources to describe novel objects and circumstances. Language users can use this feature of human language, known as displacement, to discuss subjects in the past and the future.  Is that a word? This is a common question people have when they first hear a word. If they question a linguist, they will probably get the response, “It is now.” People can speak of the past and the future. This feature of human language is referred to as displacement. Language users can utilize it to discuss subjects that are not currently happening around them. ” Even though a novel word is not listed in a dictionary, it is still considered a real word provided it is produced following its language’s morphological and phonological principles and makes sense when used in context.

DUALITY

Human language is simultaneously organized at two levels. This characteristic is known as duality. Individual sounds, such as n, b, and I, are produced physically when we talk, and none of these distinct variants have inherent significance when considered separate sounds.We have another level in a combination, like a bin, that has a different meaning than the meaning of the combination in the nib. As a result, we have separate sounds on one level and distinct meanings on a different level. The fact that we can create diverse sound combinations (like words) using a small collection of sounds makes this duality of levels one of the most practical aspects of human language. 


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